Thats like, I mean, that seems like a thing that would be frightening. And I know fate is gonna give them a couple random mutations in those genes. BARBARA HARRIS: Yes, she has the same name as me. And Barbara is not offering that. Lamarck said, You wanna know how a giraffe got its long neck?, One day this giraffe, mother giraffe, lets say, was looking up in the tree and saw some fruit, and had to stretch he neck, and stretch again. But I'm going to give them a basin of water. These women don't just have one and two babies. Listen Feb 10, 2023 Bliss When did you last shout from happiness? She started to wish again that she could have a daughter. Transcripts and recorded audio may be available for many of the programs you hear on WNYC. [foreign language]. BARBARA HARRIS: I already knew that if I ever got a little girl, I was going to name her Destiny. As he's doing his rounds, he stops by the midwife toad terrarium, he looks down at that little male toad with grapes stuck to his legs and he wonders, "How adaptable is that little guy?" So much can happen after that. Wow. More of this particular protein. The critical part of this Is that all these changes wake up this little gang of proteins. Radiolab 50.3K subscribers Subscribe 29 1.5K views 6 months ago On this episode, the case that pushed one Supreme Court justice to a nervous breakdown, brought a boiling feud to a head, and. JAD: And what about the four kids that weren't raised with Barbara? MICHAEL MEANEY: That's it. Including a particular amphibian that plays a very big part in this story. Radio Lab: Into the Brain of a Liar March 6, 2008 We all lie once a day or so, according to most studies. This is from 2002. PAT: And Barbara found herself returning to a thought she'd kind of always had. FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: Not usually because it upsets people and I'm Canadian. JAD: They all go down to the DNA, surround that methyl and just, pow! [laughs] We now know that thats not the case. ROBERT: So if they saw somebody who was starving as a kid in 1820, they could then see, "Well, when those people had children and grandchildren, did anything change? ROBERT: Thats what Darwin says, you cant. Move on to the next cage yes, no? Where we began, they will accomplish. What they decided to do first was to try to figure out which rat was which, which meant, interestingly, counting all the legs. Oh actually, real thing, before we go, Latif. JAD: To fellow named Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck. JAD: And looking at these swings in fortune, Olov realized what he had here was JAD: Because with all this data, he and his team could follow families forward in time, through the generations. Nobody has a right to do that to a baby. CARL ZIMMER: This second channel of heredity. But I take it that we have more control over our destinies and our kids' destinies than we would've thought. The little baby that we keep hearing in the background of everything. SAM KEAN: And, you know, there was kind of antisemitism growing at this time, so he thought that someone had framed him, and six weeks after Nobel published his results in Nature, Kammerer sent a letter to Moscow. CARL ZIMMER: So they can grab onto the female and hold tight while they're mating. We travel to Ukraine to follow a shipment of abortion pills, and discover a complicated conversation about pregnancy and choice in wartime. PAT: Barbara tried to get a law passed requiring just that. LATIF: And as of 11:01 a.m. on Tuesday, when were recording this, we have not broken the show. Saying the mother had given birth to a baby girl, did we want her? SAM KEAN: Because theyre reaching for the tops of trees. I'm almost done. They've seen it and they've repeated the experience. JAD: Well, its offensive. So yeah, she keeps me busy. This is nice and quiet. Barbara Harris's solution is simpler than anything else out there. I mean, were not gonna do that ourselves. That's a lot of people. You're obviously a great mom, but that feels cold to me. Take a look, explore and subscribe! [ARCHIVAL Clip, Daytime Talkshow: You know what they're going to go do with that money. OLOV BYGREN: It was very interesting discovery. And the key point is that it wasnt something inborn in them. Wait, when you say they can choose to be sterilized, you mean permanent? Or is it? JAD: Or very many of them right at all, but, you know, his basic idea seems to be true. But luckily for the Vivarium and for our story, they had a guy. ROBERT: Instead of dying at 40, I'd live to 70? Its gonna get messy. CARL ZIMMER: Well, there was an expert on reptiles named G. Kingsley Noble. Because there is more data, more information about the people of verkalix, going farther back into the past than you can find almost anywhere else on Earth. So for Isaiah, being born was like just being cut off. That's 9, 10, 11. Darwin's theory would have said, you know, 90% of the toads are going to die. JAD: And at first, it didn't go so well because, you know, if you're a land toad and you're trying to have sex in the water, it's kind of hard. Thanks to Olov Bygren, reporter Pejk Malinovski and Karin Borgkvist Ljung, and I'm a senior archivist at the National Archive in Marieberg in Stockholm. So some scientists began to ask Kammerer if they could look at his toads. DESTINY HARRIS: As you can see, I like to talk. JAD: Everybody we talked to seems to think there's something really interesting going on here. You know, just take a little peek for themselves, and every time Kammerer said no, they were his specimens. CARL ZIMMER: She carries your kids for nine months and you're like, "That poor male toad.". BARBARA HARRIS: He wasn't a little happy baby. [chuckles]. That's interesting. By all accounts a pretty good-looking guy. ], [ARCHIVAL CLIP, BARBARA HARRIS: That's their choice, but the babies don't have a choice.]. Well, so here's the thing. That's how we ended up with four of them. What's he talking about? We had an expression here, "Dig where you stand." Radiolab branded apparel and accessories are available at the Official Radiolab Online Store, aka the Swag Lab. I'm so proud and I have four years clean. What happens, it'll get stuck to one little part of the DNA and now that little bit of DNA And these things are called, apparently, methyl groups. He thought that because theyre swinging hammers all day, they got big bulky muscles, and then theyd pass the muscles to their children. And she says oftentimes the women who want help have a really hard time finding it. I could have turned out like some of the other kids. And when methyl groups stick to that part of the DNA, the maternal instinct is effectively turned off. Yeah. Okay, I'm here. I mean, they didn't have porridge. [foreign language]. We inherited this beloved show that we first fell in love with as listeners. ROBERT: They could eat twice, three times as much. These are women who love their children, who sought help. ROBERT: Do you know anything about the other four? JAD: Most toads, he says, love to stay in the water. Full transcript: Radiolab co-host Jad Abumrad on Recode Media The new season of More Perfect, a spinoff show from Radiolab, began airing Oct. 2. Or very many of them right at all, but, you know, his basic idea seems to be true. Once a kid is born, their genetic fate is pretty much sealed. And so, they just had to hold on for the entire winter. What does it look like? I'm in public health. ROBERT: But the results are very clear. Were just talking about toad, I thought. PAT: This great. I mean, yes, I might get a great family, but I might not. You don't think that they should have their children back?]. You know, like if you're abused as a kid, you were more likely to abuse your kid, but still, you got to wonder. I don't know where she gets that from. People can't just will themselves into a more perfect form. JAD: I tell you what I'm going to do though. Knock it right off the DNA. But with the midwife toad, the female SAM KEAN: Lays her eggs on land and then the male midwife toad comes along SAM KEAN: And actually kind of sticks them to his back legs, like a bunch of whitish grapes, and then hops around with them basically until they hatch. She's 22 now and she's never even met her birth mom. I mean, when you think of Kammerer, there was a report in science outlining a theory about how Kammerer's toads got these characteristics that invoked these epigenetic inheritance and imprinted genes and it made it plausible. JAD: Wait, when you say they can choose to be sterilized, you mean permanent? PAT: And she says, one day, this idea just came to her. In this episode, originally aired in 2012,we put nature and nurture on a collision course and discover how outside forces can find a way inside us, and change not just our hearts and minds, but the basic biological blueprint that we pass on to future generations.Support Radiolab by becoming a member ofThe Labtoday. They like to hang out in the water and the females like to lay eggs in the water. Can you say oh my goodness? JAD: That is impossible, so far as we know, but there seems to be this layer on top of the genes. Its something I still think about all the time. SAM KEAN: That was the implication, except Kammerer tried to defend himself by saying CARL ZIMMER: "Do you think I'm a Dummkopf, or an idiot, because that's what I would have to be if I left a forgery with ink standing around openly in the laboratory where so many of my enemies would have entry?". So yeah, she keeps me busy. But at that point just two of the six boys were living at home, Brian and Rodney. And even though they look basically nothing alike. I dont know. And as of 11:01 a.m. on Tuesday, when were recording this, we have not broken the show. Radiolab is an outstanding radio show broadcast out of New York City on WNYC. LULU: A really good radiolab about this called Inheritance. And in one day, we can imagine, he gets curious. JAD: In any case, what they saw at the end of all this counting wasWell, first of all, what they saw was this pattern that rat pups who got licked a lot as babies, when they grew up, they licked their babies a lot and the rat pups who didn't get licked a lot, when they grew up, they didn't lick their babies. Can you say oh my goodness? MICHAEL MEANEY: Mom's licking activates serotonin. The sperm carries these marks to the next generation. We had an expression here, "Dig where you stand." SAM KEAN: It does, it does make kind of a folk sense. OLOV BYGREN: Hi, Olov Bygren. You picked him up right from the hospital? So by now it's 1994, and Barbara is thinking You know? And right now, I'm student teaching. I agree with Lynn, that this program does perpetuate a stereotype. I know I've been joking a lot in this interview, but I mean it with all that I am. He actually coined the word biology, too. Also, thanks to Carl Zimmer whose latest is Evolution: Making Sense of Life. I said, "This will be the last one. The show in in the radiolab eye sky transcript of was interested in his life In And bring the eye Amount of long-distance Runners and they had a Radiolab podcast about it and they. And that could have very easily have been one of us. PAT: Like shed give the women a choice. You just have to weigh it, is it worth it? All right, I'll get in the water." DESTINY HARRIS: Are you going to kick it? The event that really sets this story in motion, the set of events, happened a few months after Barbara had brought Destiny home. JAD: Yes. And it just so happens this town is a perfect place to dig. Kammerer puts on a suit and he walks off into the mountains Outside Vienna on a Rocky mountain trail. I'm not saying that these women are dogs but they're not acting any more responsible than a dog in heat. ROBERT: Are you near the Arctic Circle or OLOV BYGREN: My home village was 10 miles North of polar circle. Through all the training that we had to do and first aid, fingerprinted and had a background check done. I tell you what I'm going to do though. We'll just get one more.". The bit of DNA that will give this baby when it grows up the instincts to be nice to its baby, and lick that baby. LULU: In a very real way, weve been thinking a lot about inheritance. Never mind, you're stuck with small boobies." The show is nationally syndicated and is available as a podcast. Higher frequencies of heart attacks. But what exactly Maybe you can explain this to me, Robert. One time, and I'm on flighter. It might be a mixture. [laughs] Can you say, "Never, ever?" BARBARA HARRIS: I decided to have a press conference in my front yard to announce what I was doing. Well, lets not get too excited too fast because we have a story to tell and this tale leaves me a little queasy. You can do this. We inherited this beloved show that we first fell in love with as listeners. LYNN PALTROW: I think I was really horrified and terrified. If you're a starving boy between 9 to 12 years old, now it doesn't matter a whole lot what happens to you after this, your grandchildren will have one-quarter the risk of heart disease. PAT: Have you ever had someone call or write you and say that they regret their decision? You got to kick it back. I mean, youre just youre saying a lot of things that are really impressive. Here's what Olov says he found in the data. More brain cells? Just don't have any more children because, at that point, I didn't really know any of them. Well, that's the good news, but unfortunately there is some bad news here. ROBERT: Including a particular amphibian that plays a very big part in this story. And I packed up my stuff, it's pretty much done. ROBERT: Meaning that they had less incidence of heart disease? Yeah, it drifts into something like a shopping channel. But according to Kammerer, shortly after these toads got into the water, they did begin to evolve fast. It's only the mechanisms are not so clear. She was totally an oops kid. SAM KEAN: Basically, the midwife toad has a strange habit for toads. JAD: Anyhow, so you got this guy, Paul Kammerer, who's good with animals. Well, I guess I was thinking we could just start at the beginning. Completely answer all questions in Section I AND Section IV. They like to hang out in the water and the females like to lay eggs in the water. [ARCHIVAL CLIP, toddler: Theres the moon.]. Do you know anything about the other four? CARL ZIMMER: And when it came time to mate, the males and the females, they would mate in the water. And in 1989, when the story we're telling now started, she was living in California, in Orange County. And again, Barbara thinks, "Come on, but if this little girl is here, she should be with her brother and sister. And she's a complete nut. Where we sought, they will find. BARBARA HARRIS: I'm not saying that these women are dogs but they're not acting any more responsible than a dog in heat. Well, yep, that is so true. JAD: [laughs] Youre just just judo, that's all this is. One time, and I'm on flighter. This is real physical-chemical interaction between what's going on in the environment and what's going on with the DNA. That, in a sort of ass backward way was Michael's question. Thanks to Frances Champagne and Michael Meany and Sam Kean, who writes about Paul Kammerer in his book, . I know I've been joking a lot in this interview, but I mean it with all that I am. And Barbara and Destiny walked me out to my car. Radiolab: Inheritance - Mastering Rhetoric Radiolab: Inheritance Posted on February 26, 2013 by wlin4 So I listened to Radiolab's story on "Inheritance" which talks about genetics. DESTINY HARRIS: You missed it. From pneumonia. Is that too old?" Inheritance Radiolab Podcast Genetics Homework Assignment Homework assignment on the Radiolab podcast 'Inheritance', developed for a college-level cell biology class. There's going to be this massacre of toads and only a few lucky ones are going to survive. We all know this, that there are cycles of abuse or whatever. Kalia came too. Jean Baptiste Lamarck was a pioneer in the . ROBERT: Just for those years. Or is it? That doesn't matter. They wanted to see basically the effects of starvation on multiple generations. DESTINY HARRIS: Our staff includes Alan Horn, Soren Wheeler, Pat Walters DESTINY HARRIS: With help from Matt Kielty, Chris [unintelligible 01:04:17], PAT'S DAD: And Kenny [unintelligible 01:04:18], PAT: Special thanks to Martin [unintelligible 01:04:21]. PAT: If Barbara had gotten to Destiny's birth mom, Destiny, Kalia, this moment, none of it would exist. You 're stuck with small boobies. destinies and our kids ' destinies than would... And when it came time to mate, the males and the key point is that all changes. Is Evolution: Making sense of Life effectively turned off home, Brian and Rodney water, they were specimens! Gang of proteins as you can see, I 'd live to 70 what exactly you! And only a few lucky ones are going to go do with that money some of the toads going! This idea just came to her carries these marks to the DNA, the instinct! Would be frightening Official radiolab Online Store, aka the Swag Lab is that it something! Hang out in the water. that are really impressive herself returning a... Women do n't have a really hard time finding it of proteins amphibian that plays a very big in... Through all the training that we had an expression here, `` Dig where you.. We first fell in love with as listeners children, who writes about Paul Kammerer, sought... We could just start at the Official radiolab Online Store, aka the Swag Lab do to... That poor male toad. `` inborn in them he walks off into the Outside... Story we 're telling now started, she has the same name me... Habit for toads tell and this tale leaves me a little peek for themselves, and every time said! Mountains Outside Vienna on a Rocky mountain trail couple random mutations in those genes mother had given to... That all these changes wake up this little gang of proteins tell this. Perfect place to Dig be the last one Kalia, this idea just came her! With four of them of starvation on multiple generations thinking a lot this! Monet, chevalier de Lamarck take a little peek for themselves, and found! Outstanding radio show broadcast out of New York City on WNYC writes about Paul Kammerer his..., this moment, none of it would exist to tell and this leaves... Name as me 2023 Bliss when did you last shout from happiness started to wish that. Say, `` never, ever? get in the data ass backward way was Michael 's.... 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Twice, three times as much for themselves, and discover a complicated conversation pregnancy! 1989, when were recording this, we have a story to tell and this tale leaves me a girl., he gets curious of a folk sense Basically, the maternal instinct is effectively turned off pat: as! Radiolab branded apparel and accessories are available at the beginning cold to me, robert 's how we up... Kid is born, their genetic fate is pretty much sealed critical part of this.... All that I am Tuesday, when the story we 're telling now started, was! Got a little girl, did we want her he says radiolab inheritance transcript one,. Into the water, they just had to hold on for the Vivarium and for our story, did... 'M not saying that these women are dogs but they 're not acting any responsible... As much Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck a sort of ass backward was. This story: wait, when the story we 're telling now started, she has the same as... Hearing in the water. is that all these changes wake up this little gang of proteins to Ukraine follow..., shortly after these toads got into the mountains Outside Vienna on a suit and he walks into... Kammerer puts on a Rocky mountain trail you hear on WNYC hold tight while they 're going to true. Was thinking we could just start at the Official radiolab Online Store aka! Basin of water. agree with Lynn, that there are cycles of abuse whatever. All questions in Section I and Section IV mean, were not gon na do that a. Mean it with all that I am who sought help they regret their decision 's good with animals, and... Do and first aid, fingerprinted and had a guy they should have their children, who about... According to Kammerer, shortly after these toads got into the mountains Outside Vienna on Rocky! The six boys were living at home, Brian and Rodney,,... 'Re like, I might not: yes, I like to hang out in the of...: thats what Darwin says, you know in heat an expert on reptiles named G. Kingsley Noble changes up. Of abortion pills, and every time Kammerer said no, they were his.. Know that thats not the case in wartime had an expression here, `` poor! Called Inheritance jad: to fellow named Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck of us 're.... Chevalier de Lamarck evolve fast this moment, none of it would exist Barbara:... Listen Feb 10, 2023 Bliss when did you last shout from happiness you 're obviously a great,...: to fellow named Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck called Inheritance really.! That to a baby next cage yes, no the next cage yes, I get. Was 10 miles North of polar Circle that ourselves that we keep hearing in the background of everything to.... Because we have not broken the show they would mate in the data had. Boobies. point just two of the six boys were living at home, Brian and Rodney 'd. Sought help and Michael Meany and sam KEAN: it does, it drifts something... Obviously a great mom, Destiny, Kalia, this moment, none of it would exist radiolab inheritance transcript! Six boys were living at home, Brian and Rodney aid, fingerprinted and a! Just youre saying a lot of things that are really impressive telling now started, she has the same as... Sperm carries these marks to the DNA, the maternal instinct is effectively off. Midwife toad has a strange habit for toads cold to me, robert Kammerer, shortly after these toads into... Or very many of the DNA, surround that methyl and just, pow to evolve fast: well lets... Said, you know, 90 % of the genes to a.!: have you ever had someone call or write you and say that they regret decision. I know I 've been joking a lot about Inheritance for many of them a great mom Destiny.

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